AI-generatedHot flushes are frequently discussed. Burning in the intimate area, pain during sex or recurrent urinary urgency often go unmentioned. These symptoms also deserve targeted medical advice.
What does GSM mean?
GSM stands for genitourinary syndrome of menopause. It describes changes in the vulva, vagina and lower urinary tract that may relate to hormonal changes. These include dryness, irritation, pain during sex and certain urinary symptoms.
These symptoms alone do not prove oestrogen deficiency. Infections, skin conditions and other causes can look similar. An examination helps distinguish them.
Which non-hormonal options are available?
Vaginal moisturisers can help with dryness. Lubricants can reduce discomfort during sex. Suitable products depend on tolerability and use, among other factors. If symptoms continue, another discussion is worthwhile.
What is the difference between local and systemic oestrogen?
Low-dose local preparations target symptoms in the vaginal and urinary area. They differ from systemic HRT for hot flushes. Local symptoms may therefore need separate treatment despite systemic therapy.
Use is explained and reviewed individually. This article deliberately provides no personal dosing schedule: the preparation, findings and medical history must fit together.
What applies after breast cancer?
Particular care is needed here. Non-hormonal options are often used first. If these are insufficient, decisions about local hormonal options may be discussed jointly with the treating gynaecology team and, where appropriate, oncology. Aromatase inhibitors require additional considerations. A blanket clearance online would not be appropriate.
What about recurrent urinary tract infections?
Oestrogen-dependent changes can affect the local environment. Local treatment may therefore be discussed for suitable symptoms. An acute infection needs separate assessment and treatment where appropriate. Fever or flank pain is a reason for prompt medical assessment.
What should you mention at your appointment?
How long have symptoms been present? Are they continuous or worse during sex? Have there been urine tests, repeated antibiotic treatments or new intimate-care products? This information helps plan a useful next step. You do not have to accept symptoms as an inevitable part of ageing.
Discuss your symptoms at your own pace
Would you like a medical assessment of your changes? At Praxis Jona in Berlin-Mitte, we discuss your questions and suitable next steps.
Enquire about menopause advice
Read more
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- Perimenopause at 35 or 40: am I too young?
